General Physics and Astronomy

Materials

S. Doukalli

Materials ABOUT Materials (ISSN 1996-1944) is an open access journal of related scientific research and technology development. It publishes...

Formal Science

ATMP - Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics

S. Doukalli

Publication details History 1997–present Publisher International Press Frequency Bimonthly Impact factor 1.600 (2017) Standard abbreviatio...

Showing

No More Posts

window['__wavt'] = 'ACvIOeAcsTaHfyCSEPa-7XrUji4Z:1786085451127';_WidgetManager._Init('//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID\x3d7351657281890867296','//www.scopedia.org/search/label/General%20Physics%20and%20Astronomy','7351657281890867296'); _WidgetManager._SetDataContext([{'name': 'blog', 'data': {'blogId': '7351657281890867296', 'title': 'Scopedia', 'url': 'https://www.scopedia.org/search/label/General%20Physics%20and%20Astronomy', 'canonicalUrl': 'https://www.scopedia.org/search/label/General%20Physics%20and%20Astronomy', 'homepageUrl': 'https://www.scopedia.org/', 'searchUrl': 'https://www.scopedia.org/search', 'canonicalHomepageUrl': 'https://www.scopedia.org/', 'blogspotFaviconUrl': 'https://www.scopedia.org/favicon.ico', 'bloggerUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com', 'hasCustomDomain': true, 'httpsEnabled': true, 'enabledCommentProfileImages': true, 'gPlusViewType': 'FILTERED_POSTMOD', 'adultContent': false, 'analyticsAccountNumber': 'G-QMMNH2X508', 'analytics4': true, 'encoding': 'UTF-8', 'locale': 'en', 'localeUnderscoreDelimited': 'en', 'languageDirection': 'ltr', 'isPrivate': false, 'isMobile': false, 'isMobileRequest': false, 'mobileClass': '', 'isPrivateBlog': false, 'isDynamicViewsAvailable': true, 'feedLinks': '\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Scopedia - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.scopedia.org/feeds/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/rss+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Scopedia - RSS\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.scopedia.org/feeds/posts/default?alt\x3drss\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22service.post\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Scopedia - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7351657281890867296/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n', 'meTag': '', 'adsenseClientId': 'ca-pub-3012689591656200', 'adsenseHostId': 'ca-host-pub-1556223355139109', 'adsenseHasAds': true, 'adsenseAutoAds': true, 'boqCommentIframeForm': true, 'loginRedirectParam': '', 'view': '', 'dynamicViewsCommentsSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/4224c15c4e7c9321/js/comments.js', 'dynamicViewsScriptSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/3db55d8de4fe007f', 'plusOneApiSrc': 'https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js', 'disableGComments': true, 'interstitialAccepted': false, 'sharing': {'platforms': [{'name': 'Get link', 'key': 'link', 'shareMessage': 'Get link', 'target': ''}, {'name': 'Facebook', 'key': 'facebook', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Facebook', 'target': 'facebook'}, {'name': 'BlogThis!', 'key': 'blogThis', 'shareMessage': 'BlogThis!', 'target': 'blog'}, {'name': 'X', 'key': 'twitter', 'shareMessage': 'Share to X', 'target': 'twitter'}, {'name': 'Pinterest', 'key': 'pinterest', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Pinterest', 'target': 'pinterest'}, {'name': 'Email', 'key': 'email', 'shareMessage': 'Email', 'target': 'email'}], 'disableGooglePlus': true, 'googlePlusShareButtonWidth': 0, 'googlePlusBootstrap': '\x3cscript type\x3d\x22text/javascript\x22\x3ewindow.___gcfg \x3d {\x27lang\x27: \x27en\x27};\x3c/script\x3e'}, 'hasCustomJumpLinkMessage': false, 'jumpLinkMessage': 'Read more', 'pageType': 'index', 'searchLabel': 'General Physics and Astronomy', 'pageName': 'General Physics and Astronomy', 'pageTitle': 'Scopedia: General Physics and Astronomy', 'metaDescription': ''}}, {'name': 'features', 'data': {}}, {'name': 'messages', 'data': {'edit': 'Edit', 'linkCopiedToClipboard': 'Link copied to clipboard!', 'ok': 'Ok', 'postLink': 'Post Link'}}, {'name': 'template', 'data': {'name': 'custom', 'localizedName': 'Custom', 'isResponsive': true, 'isAlternateRendering': false, 'isCustom': true}}, {'name': 'view', 'data': {'classic': {'name': 'classic', 'url': '?view\x3dclassic'}, 'flipcard': {'name': 'flipcard', 'url': '?view\x3dflipcard'}, 'magazine': {'name': 'magazine', 'url': '?view\x3dmagazine'}, 'mosaic': {'name': 'mosaic', 'url': '?view\x3dmosaic'}, 'sidebar': {'name': 'sidebar', 'url': '?view\x3dsidebar'}, 'snapshot': {'name': 'snapshot', 'url': '?view\x3dsnapshot'}, 'timeslide': {'name': 'timeslide', 'url': '?view\x3dtimeslide'}, 'isMobile': false, 'title': 'Scopedia', 'description': '', 'url': 'https://www.scopedia.org/search/label/General%20Physics%20and%20Astronomy', 'type': 'feed', 'isSingleItem': false, 'isMultipleItems': true, 'isError': false, 'isPage': false, 'isPost': false, 'isHomepage': false, 'isArchive': false, 'isSearch': true, 'isLabelSearch': true, 'search': {'label': 'General Physics and Astronomy', 'resultsMessage': 'Showing posts with the label General Physics and Astronomy', 'resultsMessageHtml': 'Showing posts with the label \x3cspan class\x3d\x27search-label\x27\x3eGeneral Physics and Astronomy\x3c/span\x3e'}}}, {'name': 'widgets', 'data': [{'title': 'BlogArchive', 'type': 'BlogArchive', 'sectionId': 'sitting', 'id': 'BlogArchive400'}, {'title': 'BlogLabels', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'sitting', 'id': 'Label400'}, {'title': 'Scopedia (Header)', 'type': 'Header', 'sectionId': 'logo', 'id': 'Header1'}, {'title': 'Pages', 'type': 'PageList', 'sectionId': 'pages', 'id': 'PageList1'}, {'title': 'Social Media icons', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'topsocialL', 'id': 'LinkList3'}, {'title': 'Main Menu', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'menu', 'id': 'LinkList001'}, {'title': 'search ...', 'type': 'BlogSearch', 'sectionId': 'searchform', 'id': 'BlogSearch2'}, {'title': 'Also Like', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'searchform', 'id': 'Label002'}, {'title': 'Comments menu', 'type': 'TextList', 'sectionId': 'sitteng-menu hide', 'id': 'TextList88'}, {'title': 'table of contents feature', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'HTML1'}, {'title': 'See Also feature', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'HTML2'}, {'title': 'contact form', 'type': 'ContactForm', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'ContactForm200'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML3'}, {'title': 'Engineering', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw1', 'id': 'HTML6'}, {'title': 'Computer Science', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw2', 'id': 'HTML5'}, {'title': 'Mathematics', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw3', 'id': 'HTML4'}, {'title': 'Management', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs1', 'id': 'HTML7'}, {'title': 'Blog Posts', 'type': 'Blog', 'sectionId': 'Tempnec', 'id': 'Blog1', 'posts': [{'id': '3399575915874214822', 'title': 'Materials', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4Wi-Qqp_kxBeZGsSuQbLipotObxm1TGLf61eRZFsO0cP6PSGZ4Dh9vfOXxi9trO96O5w0zT1AM4Q1yFpSyJtVlzAv7ZT2N8fsV3NROz8b-WaF-DZhEtKBZOqdlJ5HiK3WPhcX7V4d1qKf/s1600/Materials.png.200x200.png', 'showInlineAds': false}, {'id': '6320208075607585087', 'title': 'ATMP - Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics ', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjguV4apnqJ-IKUuolQiIGewi2j-hkRMyQ7A4iD81uh2nG9n2YiaDgne-521DPV1iY_tPHgmRTLAx-jih-JOVGU6khx-j3WIJduCJHk9BLgP3XufQ_-JAdyKxOBMSZaK2HFQpNPUO0pHrO1S0eatNhFXn3xr0r9gD6D_1qSH0yr4Pjm6nvb941AwybO/w217-h320/atmp.jpg', 'showInlineAds': false}], 'footerBylines': [{'regionName': 'footer1', 'items': [{'name': 'comments', 'label': 'comments'}, {'name': 'share', 'label': ''}]}, {'regionName': 'footer2', 'items': [{'name': 'labels', 'label': ''}]}], 'allBylineItems': [{'name': 'comments', 'label': 'comments'}, {'name': 'share', 'label': ''}, {'name': 'labels', 'label': ''}]}, {'title': 'Main Post Ad\x27s', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'PostA3lan', 'id': 'LinkList005'}, {'title': 'Medicine', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs5', 'id': 'HTML10'}, {'title': 'Biological Sciences', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs8', 'id': 'HTML13'}, {'title': 'Social Sciences', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs8', 'id': 'HTML15'}, {'title': 'social media', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'LinkList4'}, {'title': 'Follow us', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML8'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'PopularPosts', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'PopularPosts1', 'posts': [{'title': 'A|Z ITU Journal of Faculty of Architecture', 'id': 1444857920013392910}, {'title': 'EZProxy URL Database', 'id': 6129081519897414035}, {'title': 'Baishideng Publishing Group', 'id': 5584351047714659659}, {'title': 'Q4 Scopus Journals list ', 'id': 7507009665419450061}, {'title': 'Scopus Indexed Journals of Indonesia ', 'id': 1572520097229558554}]}, {'title': 'Labels', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'Label1'}, {'title': 'Pages', 'type': 'PageList', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'PageList2'}, {'title': 'Videos', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'BotPostsc', 'id': 'HTML11'}, {'title': 'Total Pageviews', 'type': 'Stats', 'sectionId': 'footer-col3', 'id': 'Stats1'}, {'title': 'Latest Comments', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'footer-col4', 'id': 'HTML12'}]}]); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogArchiveView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogArchive400', 'sitting', document.getElementById('BlogArchive400'), {'languageDirection': 'ltr', 'loadingMessage': 'Loading\x26hellip;'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label400', 'sitting', document.getElementById('Label400'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HeaderView', new _WidgetInfo('Header1', 'logo', document.getElementById('Header1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PageListView', new _WidgetInfo('PageList1', 'pages', document.getElementById('PageList1'), {'title': 'Pages', 'links': [{'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/privacy-policy.html', 'id': '3240507912264293661', 'title': 'Privacy Policy'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/about-us.html', 'id': '2925298357925558729', 'title': 'About Us'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/contact.html', 'id': '7272230009935952120', 'title': 'Contact us'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/sitemap.html', 'id': '2547357606551975183', 'title': 'SiteMap'}], 'mobile': false, 'showPlaceholder': true, 'hasCurrentPage': false}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList3', 'topsocialL', document.getElementById('LinkList3'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList001', 'menu', document.getElementById('LinkList001'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogSearchView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogSearch2', 'searchform', document.getElementById('BlogSearch2'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label002', 'searchform', document.getElementById('Label002'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_TextListView', new _WidgetInfo('TextList88', 'sitteng-menu hide', document.getElementById('TextList88'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML1', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('HTML1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML2', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('HTML2'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ContactFormView', new _WidgetInfo('ContactForm200', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('ContactForm200'), {'contactFormMessageSendingMsg': 'Sending...', 'contactFormMessageSentMsg': 'Your message has been sent.', 'contactFormMessageNotSentMsg': 'Message could not be sent. Please try again later.', 'contactFormInvalidEmailMsg': 'A valid email address is required.', 'contactFormEmptyMessageMsg': 'Message field cannot be empty.', 'title': 'contact form', 'blogId': '7351657281890867296', 'contactFormNameMsg': 'Name', 'contactFormEmailMsg': 'Email', 'contactFormMessageMsg': 'Message', 'contactFormSendMsg': 'Send', 'contactFormToken': 'ACvIOeCYW-D5536HH2cCeRYumF33:1786085451238', 'submitUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/contact-form'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML3', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML3'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML6', 'Postnw1', document.getElementById('HTML6'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML5', 'Postnw2', document.getElementById('HTML5'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML4', 'Postnw3', document.getElementById('HTML4'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML7', 'Postcs1', document.getElementById('HTML7'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogView', new _WidgetInfo('Blog1', 'Tempnec', document.getElementById('Blog1'), {'cmtInteractionsEnabled': false, 'navMessage': 'Showing posts with label \x3cb\x3eGeneral Physics and Astronomy\x3c/b\x3e. \x3ca href\x3d\x22https://www.scopedia.org/\x22\x3eShow all posts\x3c/a\x3e', 'lightboxEnabled': true, 'lightboxModuleUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/jsbin/402556335-lbx.js', 'lightboxCssUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/v-css/828616780-lightbox_bundle.css'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList005', 'PostA3lan', document.getElementById('LinkList005'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML10', 'Postcs5', document.getElementById('HTML10'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML13', 'Postcs8', document.getElementById('HTML13'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML15', 'Postcs8', document.getElementById('HTML15'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList4', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('LinkList4'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML8', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML8'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PopularPostsView', new _WidgetInfo('PopularPosts1', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('PopularPosts1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label1', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('Label1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PageListView', new _WidgetInfo('PageList2', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('PageList2'), {'title': 'Pages', 'links': [{'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/formal-science.html', 'id': '6560729270194540176', 'title': 'Formal Sciences'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/2-social-sciences.html', 'id': '5581324136804536913', 'title': 'Social Sciences'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/health-sciences.html', 'id': '913362000179736983', 'title': 'Health Sciences'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/physical-sciences.html', 'id': '8295534219620840779', 'title': 'Physical Sciences'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopedia.org/p/1-life-sciences.html', 'id': '8067503525980053917', 'title': 'Life Sciences'}], 'mobile': false, 'showPlaceholder': true, 'hasCurrentPage': false}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML11', 'BotPostsc', document.getElementById('HTML11'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_StatsView', new _WidgetInfo('Stats1', 'footer-col3', document.getElementById('Stats1'), {'title': 'Total Pageviews', 'showGraphicalCounter': false, 'showAnimatedCounter': false, 'showSparkline': true, 'statsUrl': '//www.scopedia.org/b/stats?style\x3dBLACK_TRANSPARENT\x26timeRange\x3dALL_TIME\x26token\x3dAEHf7-feKqKkN78CdXqfYHuxLHvA_RE3eOr-ofAhUeRbQqZw2PgE8L4cC7l3Bx176OD7IbbtjVbfuXRzFYfazLc'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML12', 'footer-col4', document.getElementById('HTML12'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));